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Son of man is an expression in the sayings of Jesus in Christian writings, including the Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles and the Book of Revelation. The meaning of the expression is controversial. Interpretation of the use of "the Son of man" in the New Testament has remained challenging and after 150 years of debate no consensus on the issue has emerged among scholars.〔''Jesus Remembered: Christianity in the Making'' by James D. G. Dunn (Jul 29, 2003) ISBN 0802839312 pages 724-725〕〔''The Son of Man Debate: A History and Evaluation'' by Delbert Royce Burkett (Jan 28, 2000) Cambridge Univ Press ISBN 0521663067 pages 3-5〕 The expression "the Son of man" occurs 81 times in the Greek text of the four Canonical gospels, and is used only in the sayings of Jesus.〔''Lord Jesus Christ: Devotion to Jesus in Earliest Christianity'' by Larry W. Hurtado, ISBN 0-8028-3167-2 Wm B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2005 pages 290-293〕 The singular Hebrew expression "son of man" (בן–אדם i.e. ben-'adam) also appears in the Hebrew Bible over a hundred times.〔 The use of the definite article in "the Son of man" in the Koine Greek of the Christian gospels is novel, and before its use there, no records of its use in any of the surviving Greek documents of antiquity exist.〔 Geza Vermes has stated that the use of "the Son of man" in the Christian gospels is unrelated to Hebrew Bible usages.〔 For centuries, the Christological perspective on Son of man has been seen as a possible counterpart to that of Son of God and just as Son of God affirms the divinity of Jesus, in a number of cases Son of man affirms his humanity.〔 However, while the profession of Jesus as the Son of God has been an essential element of Christian creeds since the Apostolic age, such professions do not apply to Son of man and the proclamation of Jesus as the Son of man has never been an article of faith in Christianity.〔''Jesus and the Son of Man'' by A J B Higgins 2002 ISBN 0-227-17221-3 pages 13-15〕 ==Etymology and usage== In the Koine Greek of the New Testament, "the son of man" is "ὁ υἱὸς τοὺ ἀνθρώπου". The singular Hebrew expression "son of man" (בן–אדם i.e. ben-'adam) also appears over a hundred times in the Hebrew Bible.〔''The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: Q-Z'' by Geoffrey W. Bromiley (Jan 31, 1995) ISBN 0802837840 page 574〕 In thirty two cases the phrase appears in intermediate plural form "sons of men", i.e. human beings.〔 The expression "the Son of man" appears 81 times in the Koine Greek of the four Gospels: thirty times in Matthew, 14 times in Mark, twenty five times in Luke and 12 times in John.〔〔 However, the use of the definite article in "the Son of man" is novel, and before its use in the Canonical gospels, there are no records of its use in any of the surviving Greek documents of antiquity.〔 Geza Vermes has stated that "the son of man" in the New Testament is unrelated to Hebrew Bible usages. Vermes begins with the observation that there is no example of "the" son of man in Hebrew sources and suggests that the term originates in Aramaic — ברנש - ''bar nash/bar nasha''.〔Vermes, Geza, ''Jesus in his Jewish context'' Minneapolis: Fortress Press. ISBN 0-8006-3623-6 page 82〕 He concludes that in these sources "Son of man" is a regular expression for ''man'' in general and often serves as an indefinite pronoun and in none of the extant texts does "son of man" figure as a title.〔 The occurrences of Son of man in the Synoptic gospels are generally categorized into three groups: those that refer to his "coming" (as an exaltation), those that refer to "suffering" and those that refer to "now at work", i.e. referring to the earthly life.〔''Christian Theology: An Introduction'' by Alister E. McGrath 2010 ISBN 1-4443-3514-6 page 270〕〔''The Son of Man'' by Chrys C. Caragounis 1986 ISBN 3-16-144963-0 page 145-147〕〔"The 'Son of Man'" as the Son of God'' by Seyoon Kim 1983 ISBN 3-16-144705-0 pages 2-3〕 The presentation of Son of man in the Gospel of John is somewhat different from the Synoptics: in John 1:51 he is presented as contact with God through "angelic instrumentality", in John 6:26 and 6:53 he provides life through his death, and in John 5:27 he holds the power to judge men.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Son of man (Christianity)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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